关于QGis的二次开发，大致看了一下，基本都是在VC+QT的环境下做环境部署，并且QGis的版本号很老。在mingw下直接开发搭建好开发环境的样例少之又少。基于最新的Qgis2.4.0版本号做了对应的尝试，并成功搭建对应的环境。大致的配置例如以下：

因为在搭建的过程之中遇到的问题实在太多，没有一一记录下来。所以在本文中没有做过多的描写叙述。如有疑问能够联系husteryou@163.com。或者留言

环境搭建

pro文件配置

QT       += core gui xmlgreaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgetsTARGET = qgisdemoTEMPLATE = appSOURCES += main.cpp# \    #mainwindow.cpp#INCLUDEPATH += qgis-2.4.0#INCLUDEPATH += qgis-2.4.0\core#INCLUDEPATH += qgis-2.4.0\core\symbology-ng#INCLUDEPATH += qgis-2.4.0\analysis#INCLUDEPATH += qgis-2.4.0\guiINCLUDEPATH += qgis-2.4.0INCLUDEPATH += qgis-2.4.0/coreINCLUDEPATH += qgis-2.4.0/core/symbology-ngINCLUDEPATH += qgis-2.4.0/analysisINCLUDEPATH += qgis-2.4.0/guiFORMS    += mainwindow.uiwin32:CONFIG(release, debug|release): LIBS += -L$$PWD/lib/ -llibqgis_analysiselse:win32:CONFIG(debug, debug|release): LIBS += -L$$PWD/lib/ -llibqgis_analysiselse:unix:!macx: LIBS += -L$$PWD/lib/ -llibqgis_analysisINCLUDEPATH += $$PWD/DEPENDPATH += $$PWD/win32:CONFIG(release, debug|release): LIBS += -L$$PWD/lib/ -llibqgis_coreelse:win32:CONFIG(debug, debug|release): LIBS += -L$$PWD/lib/ -llibqgis_coreelse:unix:!macx: LIBS += -L$$PWD/lib/ -llibqgis_coreINCLUDEPATH += $$PWD/DEPENDPATH += $$PWD/win32:CONFIG(release, debug|release): LIBS += -L$$PWD/lib/ -llibqgis_guielse:win32:CONFIG(debug, debug|release): LIBS += -L$$PWD/lib/ -llibqgis_guielse:unix:!macx: LIBS += -L$$PWD/lib/ -llibqgis_guiINCLUDEPATH += $$PWD/DEPENDPATH += $$PWD/

实例

#include 
     

#include 
     

#include 
     

#include 
     

#include 
     

#include 
     

#include 
     

#include 
     

#include 
     

#include 
     

#include 
     

#include "mouseprocess.h"

#include "paintprocess.h"

int main( int argc, char *argv[] )

{

QgsApplication a( argc, argv ,true);

//

//注意这三行代码须要更改路径;

QString myPluginsDir        ="D:/Qt/workspace/qgis-2.4.0/qgis-2.4.0/build/output/plugins";//插件路径(编译好的qgis目录下的plugins目录);

QString myLayerPath1         ="F:/gis/data_1_3/10m_admin_0_countries.shp";//图层路径,必须设置为你电脑里面shp文件的路径,不然打不开数据;

QString myLayerPath2         ="F:/gis/qgis_sample_data/shapefiles/airports.shp";//图层路径,必须设置为你电脑里面shp文件的路径,不然打不开数据;

//

QgsProviderRegistry::instance( myPluginsDir); //初始化插件的文件夹;

QgsVectorLayer * mypLayer1 = new QgsVectorLayer( myLayerPath1, "myLayer1", "ogr" ); //初始化矢量图层;

QgsVectorLayer * mypLayer2 = new QgsVectorLayer( myLayerPath2, "myLayer2", "ogr" ); //初始化矢量图层;

QgsVectorLayer * mypLayer3 = new QgsVectorLayer(); //初始化矢量图层;

mypLayer3->setRendererV2(QgsFeatureRendererV2::defaultRenderer(QGis::Point));

QgsFeatureIterator iter = mypLayer2->getFeatures();

QgsFeature feature;

while(iter.nextFeature(feature)){

QgsGeometry *geo = feature.geometry();

QgsPoint point = geo->asPoint();

//qDebug() << point.x() << point.y() << endl;

}

for(int index = 0; index < 100; index ++){

QgsPoint point;

double xmin = -4.4802e+06;

double xmax = 4.61512e+06;

double ymin = 1.43353e+06;

double ymax = 6.50259e+06;

point.setX(xmin + (xmax - xmin) * ((double) qrand()) / RAND_MAX);

point.setY(ymin + (ymax - ymin) * ((double) qrand()) / RAND_MAX);

QgsFeature feature;

QgsGeometry *geo = QgsGeometry::fromPoint(point);

feature.setGeometry(geo);

mypLayer3->addFeature(feature);

mypLayer3->updateFeature(feature);

qDebug() << point.x() << point.y() << endl;

}

QList
     
       ring;
     

//-4.4802e+06 4.61512e+06 1.43353e+06 6.50259e+06

ring.append(QgsPoint(-4.4802e+06, 1.43353e+06));

ring.append(QgsPoint(4.61512e+06, 6.50259e+06));

ring.append(QgsPoint(2.61512e+06, 4.50259e+06));

//mypLayer2->addRing(ring);

qDebug() << mypLayer2->featureCount() << endl;

//QgsSingleSymbolRendererV2 *mypRenderer = new QgsSingleSymbolRendererV2( mypLayer->geometryType() );

QList 
     
       myLayerSet;
     

// mypLayer->setRenderer( mypRenderer );

//mypLayer->setRendererV2(mypRenderer);

QgsMapLayerRegistry::instance()->addMapLayer( mypLayer1, true );

QgsMapLayerRegistry::instance()->addMapLayer( mypLayer2, true );

QgsMapLayerRegistry::instance()->addMapLayer( mypLayer3, true );

//myLayerSet.append( QgsMapCanvasLayer(mypLayer3, true ) );

myLayerSet.append( QgsMapCanvasLayer(mypLayer2, true ) );

//myLayerSet.append( QgsMapCanvasLayer(mypLayer1, true ) );

QgsRectangle extent = mypLayer2->extent();

qDebug() << extent.xMinimum() << extent.xMaximum() << extent.yMinimum() << extent.yMaximum() << endl;

QgsMapCanvas * mypMapCanvas = new QgsMapCanvas( 0, 0 );

mypMapCanvas->setExtent(mypLayer2->extent() );

mypMapCanvas->enableAntiAliasing( true);

mypMapCanvas->setCanvasColor( QColor(255, 255, 255 ) );

mypMapCanvas->freeze( false );

mypMapCanvas->setLayerSet( myLayerSet);

mypMapCanvas->setVisible( true );

mypMapCanvas->refresh();

mypMapCanvas->show();

MouseProcess *mouseProcess = new MouseProcess();

PaintProcess *paintProcess = new PaintProcess();

QObject::connect(mypMapCanvas, SIGNAL(xyCoordinates(QgsPoint)), mouseProcess, SLOT(xyCoordinates(QgsPoint)));

QObject::connect(mypMapCanvas, SIGNAL(renderComplete(QPainter*)), paintProcess, SLOT(renderComplete(QPainter*)));

return a.exec();

}

执行结果